[Objectives] To study the effects of fungi Fusarium sp. to rhizosphere soil and physiological characteristics of Camellia oleifera Abel. [Methods] We investigated the effects of Fusarium sp. to rhizosphere soil nutrient element content and metabolites of C. oleifera. C. oleifera was inoculated with the suspension of Fusarium sp. in pot experiments and ammonium-N, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, enzymes and pH of rhizosphere soil, MDA content, activity of SOD, POD of C. oleifera leaves were analyzed. [Results] Fusarium sp. stress significantly inhibited soil enzyme activities and significantly reduced available phosphorus content, especially for phosphatase and sucrase. Antioxidant enzyme activities in C. oleifera tissues showed that Fusarium sp. stress significantly increased MDA and SOD enzyme activities and decreased POD enzyme activity. Especially, SOD enzyme activity was elevated by 53.86% compared with the CK group. In addition, analysis of the content of major metabolites in C. oleifera leaves showed that Fusarium sp. stress significantly reduced the content of total flavonoids, quercetin, isoquercitrin and isoquercitrin in C. oleifera leaves by 7.80%, 50.00% and 75.90%, respectively. [Conclusions] Our results are an important step which showed strong resistance of C .oleifera and can give a novel insight for researches on the effects in the rhizosphere soil enzyme, soil nutrient elements and metabolites of C. oleifera under the Fusarium sp. too.