 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a compound Chinese herbal medicine on pig gut microbiota and metabolic ecology. [Methods] Through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics, the effects of administing a 5% compound mixture of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, Uncaria rhynchophylla and Lonicera japonica for 60 d on the intestinal microbiota and metabolites of three-way crossbred pigs were evaluated. [Results] The Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) group exhibited improved α-diversity indices (Ace = 541.22, Shannon = 3.36, Simpson = 0.10), though not significant (P>0.05), compared with the CK group (Ace = 511.46, Shannon = 2.75, Simpson = 0.12). β-diversity analysis revealed a clear separation between the groups. At the phylum level, the overall differences in gut microbiota composition were minor. However, the CHM group showed a substantial increase in Bacteroidota in the cecum and a significant rise in Myxobacteria, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity potential, suggesting a positive effect on intestinal health. Meanwhile, the CHM group exhibited 67 unique OTUs, higher than 27 in the CK group, primarily concentrated in the ileum and cecum. Additionally, metabolomic analysis revealed 210 unique metabolites in the CHM group, surpassing 77 in the CK group. A total of 653 metabolites showed significant changes, involving 11 metabolic pathways. Correlation analysis revealed that metabolites such as PC, PE, LysoPC, LysoPE and dehydrocarpaine were closely associated with microbiota. In the CHM group, key metabolites exhibited complex interactions with gut microbiota. Dehydrocarpaine showed positive correlations with probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. [Conclusions] These results demonstrated that CHM potentially enhanced pig gut health by improving microbial diversity and regulating metabolic networks, providing a scientific basis for further optimization of swine farming strategies. 

 摘要： Leveraging the achievements of the smart meteorological system nationwide, a meteorological monitoring and early warning system for alfalfa pests and diseases can be formed through the establishment of four systems, namely, "real-time monitoring system, forecasting and prediction system, monitoring and early warning system, and smart service system". It will enable intelligent, dynamic meteorological monitoring, early warning, and forecasting services for the occurrence and development of alfalfa pests and diseases, providing technical support for scientifically controlling their harm and improving yield and quality. 

 摘要： Gene Engineering Principles is a fundamental professional course for majors such as bioengineering and biotechnology. It integrates theoretical knowledge with experimental practice and engineering applications. It is characterized by its comprehensive and highly practical nature. Aligning with the new-era higher education philosophy of 'competency-oriented, value-driven' teaching, this study presented a systematic exploration and practice based on undergraduate cohorts from 2018 to 2020 in Chengdu University. The reform focused on teaching methodology, formative assessment, and the integration of ideological and political education. Key strategies included the introduction of classical experimental cases, emphasis on pre-class preparation, enhancement of classroom interaction, focus on engineering-oriented applications, optimization of assessment mechanisms, and the incorporation of national strategic needs into the curriculum. These measures effectively stimulated students’ learning motivation and research potential, thereby improving the overall teaching quality and educational effectiveness of the course. The results of the teaching reform demonstrate significant improvements in students’ ability to apply theoretical knowledge to practical engineering problems, scientific thinking, experimental research skills, scientific reasoning, and professional identity. Reformed classes outperformed control groups across various instructional metrics, achieving notable educational outcomes. 

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to detect and analyze tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). [Methods] Through PCR detection, sequence analysis, and pathogenicity verification, tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) was identified in zucchini exhibiting systemic disease symptoms during a 2024 outbreak in Qingzhou City, Shandong Province, and was designated as ToLCNDV-SD. [Results] Specific primer amplification showed that all eight diseased samples produced bands of 504 bp (DNA-A) and 892 bp (DNA-B). Sequencing analysis revealed that ToLCNDV-SD DNA-A shared 96.10% homology with an Indonesian melon isolate (LC421834.1), while DNA-B showed 88.31% homology with a Malaysian bitter gourd isolate (MW248678.1). Phylogenetic analysis indicated its closest relationship with Southeast Asian cucurbit-infecting isolates. Friction transmission tests confirmed that the virus could spread mechanically, inducing typical symptoms 14 d after inoculation with positive PCR detection. [Conclusions] This study provides important insights for understanding the epidemic mechanisms and control strategies of ToLCNDV in China.

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to improve the seed production efficiency of water-saving and drought-resistant hybrid millet in production. [Methods] A high-efficiency seed production technology for water-saving and drought-resistant hybrid millet varieties was developed by integrating aspects such as parental line sources, botanical characteristics, biological traits, seed production yield structure, key technical points of seed production, and suitable planting regions. [Results] Under standardized pre-sowing preparation and field management, both parents are simultaneously sown around May 20 with a planting row ratio of 2:6 (female:male), a row spacing of 20 cm and plant spacing of 10 cm for the female parent, and a row spacing of 35 cm and plant spacing of 15 cm for the male parent. Both parents are fertilized simultaneously with 375 kg/hm2 of urea at the booting stage combined with intertillage or rainfall, and 225 kg/hm2 of urea at the grain-filling stage combined with irrigation. Strict hybrid removal, proper pollination and timely harvesting can significantly increase the yield of seed production. [Conclusions] This technology can be fully applied to large-scale seed production of water-saving and drought-resistant hybrid millet, providing seed supply support for cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions. It helps alleviate issues such as excessive groundwater extraction and water scarcity while enhancing planting efficiency, increasing yield, and boosting increase of farmers' income. 

 摘要： The soybean and corn strip compound planting technology is a crucial measure for improving land use efficiency and ensuring food security. This paper deeply analyzed the principles, advantages, and key technical aspects of this technology, including variety selection, planting pattern, sowing management, and field management. It also illustrated its application effectiveness through practical cases and proposed corresponding solutions to existing challenges in its promotion. This study provides theoretical support and practical reference for the widespread adoption and efficient application of this technology. 

 摘要： Moistube irrigation is a newly-developed irrigation technique that utilizes a semipermeable membrane to release water slowly and continuously into the plant root zone. Alternate Moistube Irrigation (AMI) is a combination of alternative irrigation and moistube irrigation. In order to investigate the effects of AMI on plant growth, greenhouse experiments were conducted on spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) plants at different time. We measured soil water content at a depth of 20 cm in the planting boxes, and also determined seed emergence rate, plant height, largest leaf area, fresh weight per plant, yield, and irrigation water productivity (IWP) for both spinach and water spinach. The results showed that the AMI treatments had significantly higher soil water content than the conventional surface irrigation control (CK). The emergence rates of spinach and water spinach were significantly higher in the AMI treatments than in the CK, and the plant height, largest leaf area, and fresh weight during the middle and late stages of spinach and water spinach growth were also significantly higher than those of CK. Both spinach and water spinach grew well and produced high yield with high IWP under AMI with a high water head pressure of 1.5 m at tube spacing of 20 or 30 cm. We found that AMI with a suitable combination of head pressure and tube spacing can promote plant growth and increase yield and IWP under controlled conditions.

 摘要： Microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze the sources of lead in farmland soil and rice in the Jiulongjiang River Basin. The results suggested that the source of lead in rice was differ from that in soil. There were four main  sources of lead in farmland soil: natural source, agricultural source, industrial source and fossil fuel source, among which natural source, agricultural source and industrial source contributed more. There were four main sources of lead in rice: natural, agricultural, industrial and fossil fuel sources, and more importantly, fossil fuel sources. The comparison of lead isotope composition with potential sources（206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/207Pb）can provide a scientific basis for the identification and treatment of heavy metal lead pollution sources in farmland soil and rice in the Jiulong River Basin.

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar-based fertilizer on high yield and quality of green pepper (Zanthoxylum armatum var. novemfolius) and soil nutrient status. [Methods] With green pepper and pepper field soil as the research subjects, four treatments were set up, namely, conventional fertilization (T1), conventional fertilization + biochar (T2), biochar-based fertilizer 1 (T3), and biochar-based fertilizer 2 (T4). [Results] The application of biochar-based fertilizer increased green pepper yield by 9.37%-51.12%, with the order of increase being T4 > T3 > T2 > T1. In terms of soil nutrients, biochar-based fertilizer raised soil pH by 6.67%-53.33%, with the order of increase being T3 > T4 > T2 > T1. The initially strongly acidic soil gradually shifted to weakly acidic and approached neutral, indicating significantly improved soil acidity. The application of biochar-based fertilizer increased the contents of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available copper, available zinc, available iron, and available manganese. It significantly enhanced green pepper yield, improved soil acidity, and elevated soil nutrient levels. Considering yield, nutrient uptake, and soil nutrient content, biochar-based fertilizer 2 (T4) was identified as the optimal treatment. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for improving green pepper yield and soil amendment.

 摘要： This paper reviewed the toxicity, maximum residue limits (MRLs) and current residue status of commonly used plant growth regulators in vegetables, including 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), ethephon, gibberellin, and paclobutrazol. Methods for reducing residues of plant growth regulators in vegetables were  discussed, and recommendations and strategies for their application were proposed.