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 摘要： ［Objectives］ To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of forsythin, baicalin, and chlorogenic acid in a traditional Chinese medicine spray disinfectant. [Methods] The chromatographic separation was performed on a GL Sciences (19H0044724)-C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase of acetonitrile -0.05% formic acid solution at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The injection volume was 10 μL, detection wavelength was set at 280 nm, and column temperature was maintained at 25 ℃. [Results] The linear ranges of forsythin, baicalin, and chlorogenic acid were 10.5-52.5, 20.6-103, and 14.2-71 μg/mL, respectively, with good linear relationships between concentration and peak area (R²=0.999 9). The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for precision and repeatability tests were all ≤1.0%. The average recoveries were 98.51%, 98.48%, and 97.71% for the three components, with RSDs of 0.96%, 0.97%, and 0.73%, respectively. [Conclusions] This method demonstrates strong specificity, high precision, excellent accuracy, and simplicity of operation, making it suitable for the simultaneous quantification of forsythin, baicalin, and chlorogenic acid in traditional Chinese medicine spray disinfectants. It provides a reliable basis for quality control and practical applications in animal breeding environments.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To investigate the content and distribution of inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus sourced from various regions in Gansu Province. [Methods] 28 batches of A. membranaceus samples were collected and subsequently digested using the Multiwave 7000 super microwave digestion system. The contents of aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), gallium (Ga), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), antimony (Sb), tin (Sn), strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti), thallium (Tl), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn) were quantified utilizing a PerkinElmer 2000 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Principal component analysis was performed utilizing SPSS 25.0 to identify the distinctive characteristic elements of A. membranaceus. Additionally, systematic cluster analysis was conducted using these characteristic elements as variables to investigate the relationship between the primary inorganic elements and the geographical origin of A. membranaceus. [Results] 17 inorganic elements were identified in A. membranaceus specimens collected from Gansu Province, with characteristic elements including Ba, Co, Fe, Ga, Mn, Zn, and Sn. The contents of inorganic elements in various sources of A. membranaceus exhibited significant variability and demonstrated distinct clustering characteristics. [Conclusions] A. membranaceus, originating from Gansu Province, exhibits a high content of inorganic elements. However, variations in ecological environments can lead to differences in the specific inorganic elements that are enriched. This study aims to provide a reference for the further development and application of A. membranaceus.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To optimize the optimal extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture. [Methods] Taking water addition ratio, extraction time and extraction times as process investigation factors, psoralen content, astilbin content and dry extract yield as evaluation indicators, the main influencing factors and level range of the extraction process of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture were determined on the basis of single factor test method, and the optimal weight coefficient was screened by AHP-entropy method mixed with weighting method. Combined with L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal experiment, the best extraction process was obtained. At the same time, thin-layer chromatographic identification was used to identify Ficus simplicissima Lour. and Smilax glabra Roxb. in the medicinal liquid. [Results] The best extraction process: add 1：12 water to the prescription decoction pieces, extract under reflux for 2 times, 1.5 h per time, and combine the filtrate to 250 mL. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that the spots of Ficus simplicissima Lour. and Smilax glabra Roxb. in the medicinal solution were the same as those of reference substances at the corresponding positions, and the negative control had no interference. [Conclusions] The experimental method is reasonable and feasible, and the process is reliable, which can provide experimental reference for the subsequent application of in-hospital preparations and research and development of Qingdu Jianpi Mixture.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To obtain a novel cultivar of Chuanminshen violaceum with robust growth, high yield, and stable genetic traits. [Methods] A systematic selection method was employed to conduct a multi-point testing and regional production trial utilizing C. violaceum strain CMS1, which was sourced from a semi-wild population in Langzhong, Sichuan Province, as the experimental material. In contrast, C. violaceum CMS2, derived from a cultivated population in Langzhong, Sichuan Province, along with a mixed population of C. violaceum cultispecies from the same region, served as the control material. Through a comparative analysis of phenological periods, agronomic traits, yield, and quality, a novel cultivar, ‘Chengming No.1’, was ultimately selected and developed based on its superior comprehensive evaluation. [Results] In the phenological period survey conducted as part of a two-year comparative study, the CMS1 strain exhibited a shorter growth cycle compared to others. Furthermore, the agronomic characteristics of the CMS1 strain were superior to those of both CMS2 and CK. The average yields of CMS1, CMS2, and CK in the 2019 cultivar comparison test and yield trial were 468.88, 448.52, and 422.15 kg/667 m², respectively. This resulted in an average yield increase of 11.07% for CMS1 compared to CK and 6.25% for CMS2 compared to CK. The average yields of CMS1, CMS2, and CK in the 2020 cultivar comparison test and yield trial were 482.69, 467.54, and 436.82 kg/667 m², respectively. CMS1 exhibited an average yield increase of 10.50% compared to CK, while CMS2 demonstrated an average yield increase of 7.03% relative to CK. Furthermore, the average yield of CMS1 per 667 m² achieved a statistically significant level compared to CK in both years of the study. In multiple-point comparison and yield trials conducted in 2019 and 2020, the CMS1 strain exhibited a total ash content of 15.30%, an acid-insoluble ash content of 1.30%, a moisture content of 10.80%, and water-soluble extract amounting to 11.40%. All of the indicators conformed to the criteria established by the Sichuan Standards for Chinese Medicinal Materials (2010 Edition). [Conclusions] The CMS1 strain successfully passed the field technical appraisal for the novel cultivar of C. violaceum in 2021. This cultivar is characterized by high yield, excellent quality, and stable traits. In 2022, it received validation from the Sichuan Provincial Committee for the Certification of Non-Staple Crop Varieties and was officially named ‘Chengming No.1’ (CRY 2022002). This cultivar demonstrates significant potential for widespread cultivation.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To explore the pharmacodynamic effect of the Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindl) Schottk fruit on diarrhea model mice. [Methods] The anti-diarrheal efficacy of the C. sclerophylla fruit was evaluated using a castor oil-induced acute diarrhea model in mice and the small intestinal charcoal propulsion test, with assessment of onset time of diarrhea, frequency of loose stools, and small intestinal propulsion rate. [Results] Compared with the model group, the C. sclerophylla frui-treated group demonstrated significantly delayed onset of diarrhea, reduced frequency of loose stools, and decreased small intestinal charcoal propulsion rate in a dose-dependent manner, with the high-dose group achieving efficacy comparable to the loperamide-treated group. [Conclusions] The C. sclerophylla fruit has certain anti-diarrhea effect, and its anti-diarrhea mechanism may be related to the inhibition of small intestinal peristalsis.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To investigate the effects of various extract fractions of Hemsleya sphaerocarpa and their mechanisms of action on hepatotoxicity in normal experimental mice and to provide a scientific foundation for the clinical application of H. sphaerocarpa. [Methods] The extracts were separated by vacuum rotary evaporation into aqueous, n-butanol, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate fractions. The resulting extracts from various fractions were subsequently formulated into 10% drug solutions using a normal saline solution. These solutions were administered intragastrically to mice at a dosage of 0.1 mL/10 g once daily. After 14 d of intragastric administration, various indices were assessed, and serum samples were collected from the ocular region of the mice for analysis. [Results] 15 g of the aqueous fraction, 20 g of the n-butanol fraction, 30 g of the petroleum ether fraction, and 20 g of the ethyl acetate fraction were obtained through the vacuum rotary evaporation method. After 14 d of intragastric administration, the serum biochemical indices of the mice were assessed. It was observed that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels significantly increased in the mice of experimental group. This finding suggests that the ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, and n-butanol extracts of H. sphaerocarpa may contribute to liver injury in the subjects. After 14 d of drug withdrawal, the ALT level in the ethyl acetate group exhibited a significant decrease, but remained elevated compared to those in the normal saline group. In contrast, the ALT levels in the n-butanol and petroleum ether groups also demonstrated a significant reduction and were marginally lower than those observed in the normal saline group. Furthermore, the body weights of the mice in both the petroleum ether and n-butanol groups did not show any significant changes throughout the duration of drug administration. [Conclusions] The liver injury in mice induced by the ethyl acetate extract of H. sphaerocarpa is characterized as the most severe and challenging to self-heal.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To investigate the effects of different doses of chili pepper on inflammatory response factors in rats. [Methods] Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, high-dose chili pepper group, medium-dose chili pepper group, and low-dose chili pepper group. Chili pepper aqueous solution was administered by gavage for three months. One day after the last administration, serum and cerebrospinal fluid were collected to measure the concentrations of hs-CRP and IL-6 in serum, and PCT in cerebrospinal fluid. [Results] Compared with the blank control group, the high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose chili pepper groups showed significant increases in hs-CRP, IL-6, and PCT levels (P<0.05). [Conclusions] Different doses of chili pepper exerted varying effects on inflammatory factors in rats.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint analysis method for Hedyotis hedyotidea, providing a scientific basis for its quality evaluation. [Methods] An Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column (5 μm, 4.6 mm×250 mm) was employed with 0.1% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The column temperature was maintained at 40 ℃, detection wavelength at 240 nm, flow rate at 0.8 mL/min, and injection volume at 10 μL. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System (2004A edition) was used to analyze the HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of H. hedyotidea samples. [Results] An HPLC fingerprint with ursolic acid as the reference standard was established, identifying 17 common characteristic peaks. The similarity of the 10 batches of H. hedyotidea samples ranged from 0.718 to 0.993. [Conclusions] This method demonstrates good systematic performance, with precision (RSD<1.5%), repeatability (RSD<2.0%), and 24-h stability (RSD<2.5%) meeting established requirements. It can provide data support for quality control and standard formulation of H. hedyotidea medicinal materials.

 摘要： ［Objectives］ To investigate the anti-hepatic fibrosis mechanism of lavandulyl flavonoid Kurarinol A (KA) from Sophora flavescens through the TGF/Smad signaling pathway. [Methods] A hepatic fibrosis model was established by TGF-β1-induced activation of human hepatic stellate cells LX-2. Western blot and RT-qPCR techniques were employed to study the anti-fibrotic mechanism of KA through the TGF/Smad signaling pathway. [Results] KA exerted anti-hepatic fibrosis effects by significantly reducing the gene expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, as well as markedly decreasing the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3/Smad2/3, and Smad4. [Conclusions] KA demonstrates significant anti-hepatic fibrosis activity and alleviates liver fibrosis through the TGF/Smad signaling pathway.